Observations-
Tubes with different gases make different colors
1. Neon-
when i put on the glasses i see diferent colors all over the room. I can see rainbow colors coming off my computer screen. I see red, yellow, and orange lines coming off of the neon light at the top, bottom, left and right, and the corners of the light
2. Helium-
I see rainbow colors all over the room, but i do not the red, yellow, and orange colors to the right, left, top and bottom of the light. The colors coming off the light are blue, green, and yellow.. and maybe red at the very tips of it.
3. Argon-
I see purple and rainbow color lines coming off the top, bottom, left and right sides of the light. This one was very hard to see.
4. Nitrogen-
I see the colors coming off of this one really well, I see lots of colors coming of the the top, bottom, left, and right.
5. Carbon Dioxide-
This one looks just like the last one. I can see the colors in the same place and they look like the same colors. The one before this one looked brighter than this one.
Thursday, January 20, 2011
Activity 2 1-20-11 Antacids
Write the formula for Tums? How does Tums chemically react with water and stomach acid?
Limestone
Chalk
Insoluble compound in H2O "Sizzling"
CO3-2 + H+ -------> HCO3- + H+ -------> H2CO3 --------------> H20 + CO2 Evolution of Gas
Carbonate Bicarbonate Carbonic Acid <-------------- Carbon Dioxide Gas
CaCO3----------> Ca(aq)+2 + CO3(aq)-2
CalciteLimestone
Chalk
Insoluble compound in H2O "Sizzling"
CO3-2 + H+ -------> HCO3- + H+ -------> H2CO3 --------------> H20 + CO2 Evolution of Gas
Carbonate Bicarbonate Carbonic Acid <-------------- Carbon Dioxide Gas
Tums contain calcium cabronate. Calcium carbonate works by binding to excess acid produced by the stomach. This neutralises the acid and decreases the acidity of the stomach contentsAntacids are medications that increase the pH balance in your stomach. A number of symptoms, including heartburn, gastritis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), can be treated with them. In most cases, antacids start working within a few minutes. It is important to note that they may not always be necessary, and they can have serious consequences if used improperly.
How many Tums are needed to neutralize a can of coke?
Activity 1 1-20-11 Experimental Design and Conclusions
Reflect on the expansion of water and salt water experiments you and your classmates performed. What are some of the interesting results and struggles with this experiment.
I think there is so much controversy about the green house effect and "is the earth warming" because everyone's experiments on the green house effect is different. Today in class we talked about adding salt to water and what happens when it freezes and everyones experiment was different. The data collected on the salt water experiment was different. That being said, I think researchers are finding different results and to some people the green house effect is a really big deal and to others its not a big deal at all. All of the experiements on "is the earth warming" are all different and that makes it hard to come to a conclusion about it.
The water/salt water experiements had interesting results. Before doing this experiment I didnt know that salt would make water take longer to freeze. It was hard to measure the results for expanison. I could see that my cups expanded but I didnt know how to measure it. Another thing I noticed about the experiements was everyone in the class had different results. Also everyone in the class did their experiment alittle different. I would have liked to work with other people on this experiment and see what 2 minds put together would have come up with. We learned today that there are lots of ways to do experiments.
Relate your thoughts on this experiment to the scientific question "Is the earth warming?"
I think there is so much controversy about the green house effect and "is the earth warming" because everyone's experiments on the green house effect is different. Today in class we talked about adding salt to water and what happens when it freezes and everyones experiment was different. The data collected on the salt water experiment was different. That being said, I think researchers are finding different results and to some people the green house effect is a really big deal and to others its not a big deal at all. All of the experiements on "is the earth warming" are all different and that makes it hard to come to a conclusion about it.
Wednesday, January 19, 2011
Homework 2 1-19-11 Stuff around us? and last homework
For your last homework assignment, choose 20 items around you in your world and list their ingredients or materials down to the molecular level. List the chemical names of the ingredients and show a molecular structure image.
1. Apple Juice
Filtered water, apple juice concentrate, and ascorbic acid (vitamin c)
C6H8O6
2. 7 Up
Filtered carbonated water, high fructose corn syrup and less than 2 % of natural flavors, citric acid, potassium citrate, calcium disodium edta
3. Salt
Salt, calcium silicate, dextrose potassium iodide
NaCl
4. Balsamic Vinegar
Grape must, wine vinegar, caramel color, contains naturally occurring sulfites
C2H4O2
5. Baking Powder
Cornstarch, bicarbonate of soda, sodium aluminum sulfate, acid phosphate of calcium
NaHCO3
6. All Vegetable Shortening
Partially hydrogenated soybean oil and partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, mono-and diglycerides added
7. Corn Starch
Corn starch
(C6H10O5)n
8. Baking Soda
Sodium Bicarbonate
H2CO3 +2 H2O ↔ HCO3− + H3O+ + H2O ↔ CO32− +2 H3O+
9. Celery Salt
Salt and celery seed
C2O42−
10. Seasoned Salt
Salt, sugar, spiced (including paprika, turmeric) onion, cornstarch, garlic, tricalcium phosphate, natural flavor
2HSCH2– CHNH2– COOH + R–S(O)S–R' → R–S–S–CH2CHNH2COOH + R'–S–S–CH2CHNH2COOH
11. 1% Lowfat Milk
Lowfat milk, vitamin A palmitate, vitamin D3
12. Mayonnaise
Soybean oil, water, eggs, distilled vinegar, salt, sugar, lemon juice, oleoresin paprika, natural flavors
13. Dill pickles
Cucumbers, water, distilled vinegar, salt, calcium chloride, polysorbate 80, natural spice flavors, tumeric oleoresin
14. Lemon-Lime Gatorade
Water, sucrose, dextrose, citric acid, natural flavor, salt, sodium citratem monopotassium phosphate, gum arabic, glycerol ester of rosin, yellow 5
15. Kraft Singles
Cheddar cheese, milk, whey, milkfat, milk protein concentrate, salt, calcium phosphate, sodium citrate, whey protein concentrate, sodium phosphate, sorbic acid as a preservative, apocarotenal (color), annatto (color), enzymes, vitamin D3, cheese culture, yellow dye.
16. Welch's Fiber 100% Grape Juice
1. Apple Juice
Filtered water, apple juice concentrate, and ascorbic acid (vitamin c)
C6H8O6
2. 7 Up
Filtered carbonated water, high fructose corn syrup and less than 2 % of natural flavors, citric acid, potassium citrate, calcium disodium edta
C8H3Mg2
C6H5K3O7
3. Salt
Salt, calcium silicate, dextrose potassium iodide
NaCl
4. Balsamic Vinegar
Grape must, wine vinegar, caramel color, contains naturally occurring sulfites
C2H4O2
5. Baking Powder
Cornstarch, bicarbonate of soda, sodium aluminum sulfate, acid phosphate of calcium
NaHCO3
6. All Vegetable Shortening
Partially hydrogenated soybean oil and partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil, mono-and diglycerides added
7. Corn Starch
Corn starch
(C6H10O5)n
8. Baking Soda
Sodium Bicarbonate
H2CO3 +2 H2O ↔ HCO3− + H3O+ + H2O ↔ CO32− +2 H3O+
9. Celery Salt
Salt and celery seed
C2O42−
10. Seasoned Salt
Salt, sugar, spiced (including paprika, turmeric) onion, cornstarch, garlic, tricalcium phosphate, natural flavor
2HSCH2– CHNH2– COOH + R–S(O)S–R' → R–S–S–CH2CHNH2COOH + R'–S–S–CH2CHNH2COOH
11. 1% Lowfat Milk
Lowfat milk, vitamin A palmitate, vitamin D3
12. Mayonnaise
Soybean oil, water, eggs, distilled vinegar, salt, sugar, lemon juice, oleoresin paprika, natural flavors
13. Dill pickles
Cucumbers, water, distilled vinegar, salt, calcium chloride, polysorbate 80, natural spice flavors, tumeric oleoresin
14. Lemon-Lime Gatorade
Water, sucrose, dextrose, citric acid, natural flavor, salt, sodium citratem monopotassium phosphate, gum arabic, glycerol ester of rosin, yellow 5
15. Kraft Singles
Cheddar cheese, milk, whey, milkfat, milk protein concentrate, salt, calcium phosphate, sodium citrate, whey protein concentrate, sodium phosphate, sorbic acid as a preservative, apocarotenal (color), annatto (color), enzymes, vitamin D3, cheese culture, yellow dye.
16. Welch's Fiber 100% Grape Juice
Grape Juice from Concentrate (Filtered Water, Grape Juice Concentrate)Grape Juice, Maltodextrin (Dietary Fiber)Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
17. Ketchup
Tomato concentrate made from red ripe tomatoes, distilled vinegar, high fructose corn syrup, corn syrup, salt, spice, onion powder, and natural flavors
18. Smucker's Concord Grape Jelly
Concord grape juice, high fructose corn syrup, fruit pectin, citric acid, sodium citrate
19. Peanut Butter
Peanuts, dextrose, hydrogenated vegtable oil (cotton seed and/or rapeseed) and salt
17. Ketchup
Tomato concentrate made from red ripe tomatoes, distilled vinegar, high fructose corn syrup, corn syrup, salt, spice, onion powder, and natural flavors
18. Smucker's Concord Grape Jelly
Concord grape juice, high fructose corn syrup, fruit pectin, citric acid, sodium citrate
19. Peanut Butter
Peanuts, dextrose, hydrogenated vegtable oil (cotton seed and/or rapeseed) and salt
20. Hidden Valley Ranch Dressing
Vegetable Oil (Canola and/or Soybean Oil) Water, Egg Yolk, Sugar, less than 2% of Buttermilk, Salt, Lactic Acid, Vinegar, Modified Food Starch, Disodium Inosinate and Disodium Guanylate, Dried Garlic, Dried Onion, Phosphoric Acid, Monosodium Glutamate, Xanthan Gum, Natural and Artificial Flavors, Spices, Disodium Phosphate, Sorbic Acid and Calcium Disodium Edta As Preservatives.
Homework 1 1-19-11
Use the pH paper to develop a table and graph of the pH of common things around your home. Think in terms of at least 10 different liquids.
1. Milk pH 6
2. Lemon lime gatorade pH 4
3. Pickle juice pH 5
4. Diet cranberry juice pH 3
5. Wild island boones farm pH 5
6. Dawn dish soap pH 8
7. Balsamic vinegar pH 4
8. Cidar vinegar pH 3
9. White distilled vinegar pH 5
10. 7 up pH 4
Develop an experiment to see how much antacid is needed to neutralize an acidic liquid.
I place 1/4 cup of diet cranberry juice in a cup and added 1 crushed up tums. I stirred the cranberry juice with the tums in it and then waited 5 minutes before checking the pH. The pH of the cranberry juice was 3 but after added the tums the pH was a 7. The tums worked!
2. Lemon lime gatorade pH 4
3. Pickle juice pH 5
4. Diet cranberry juice pH 3
5. Wild island boones farm pH 5
6. Dawn dish soap pH 8
7. Balsamic vinegar pH 4
8. Cidar vinegar pH 3
9. White distilled vinegar pH 5
10. 7 up pH 4
Develop an experiment to see how much antacid is needed to neutralize an acidic liquid.
I place 1/4 cup of diet cranberry juice in a cup and added 1 crushed up tums. I stirred the cranberry juice with the tums in it and then waited 5 minutes before checking the pH. The pH of the cranberry juice was 3 but after added the tums the pH was a 7. The tums worked!
Homework 1-18-11
When is water the smallest?
Water is smallest when it is at liquid form at room temperature
What happens when salt is added to the water?
When salt is added to the water it takes a lot longer for the water to completely freeze.
Does the amount of salt added affect the freezing?
Yes, the more salt in the water the longer it take for the water to freeze.
For the experiment I had 3 plastic cups with 1 cup of water in each cup. I let the water sit at room temperature for 1 hour. The water's temperature was 16C. I marked the cups at the water level.
Cup 1- Water
Cup 2- Water with 1 shake of salt
Cup 3- Water with 1 spoonful of salt
I placed all 3 cups into the freezer. The freezers temp was -15 C. I left the cups in the freezer for 7 hours. When I checked the cups the water was frozen in all the cups except for cup 3, that was the cup with a spoonful of salt. Cup 3 had a small layer of non-melted water sitting on top of the ice. I noticed that the plastic cups were pushed out on the sides.
(I had picture of my experiment but I was unable to get them to load onto my computer)
Water is smallest when it is at liquid form at room temperature
What happens when salt is added to the water?
When salt is added to the water it takes a lot longer for the water to completely freeze.
Does the amount of salt added affect the freezing?
Yes, the more salt in the water the longer it take for the water to freeze.
For the experiment I had 3 plastic cups with 1 cup of water in each cup. I let the water sit at room temperature for 1 hour. The water's temperature was 16C. I marked the cups at the water level.
Cup 1- Water
Cup 2- Water with 1 shake of salt
Cup 3- Water with 1 spoonful of salt
I placed all 3 cups into the freezer. The freezers temp was -15 C. I left the cups in the freezer for 7 hours. When I checked the cups the water was frozen in all the cups except for cup 3, that was the cup with a spoonful of salt. Cup 3 had a small layer of non-melted water sitting on top of the ice. I noticed that the plastic cups were pushed out on the sides.
(I had picture of my experiment but I was unable to get them to load onto my computer)
Activity 5 1-19-11 pH
Describe pH, present a table of pH ranges for some common things.
If something is pH 3 and something else is pH 4, which is more acidic and by how much?
Ph3 is more acidic than Ph4. Ph3 is 10 times more acidic than Ph4.
Ph3 is more acidic than Ph4. Ph3 is 10 times more acidic than Ph4.
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